What does Maximum Authorized Speed (MAS) refer to?

Maximum Authorized Speed (MAS) is defined as the highest speed that a train is permitted to travel over a specific portion of the railroad. This concept is critical for maintaining safety and efficiency in train operations. MAS is typically determined based on various factors, including track conditions, the type of train (freight or passenger), and the infrastructure around the tracks.

Each segment of the railroad may have a different MAS based on these factors, and it is crucial for train crews to adhere to these limits to ensure safe operations. This is why knowing the MAS for a section of track helps train operators manage speed appropriately, preventing accidents and ensuring timely transportation.

The other options do not accurately capture the definition of MAS. The absolute speed limit on the entire track does not consider localized conditions that may alter the speed a train can safely achieve. The average speed of trains is not relevant to MAS since it refers specifically to the maximum allowed speed rather than an average performance metric. Lastly, speed limits set for freight trains only excludes passenger operations, which also adhere to MAS regulations, making it an incomplete explanation.